History of Poultry, Introduction to Poultry, Poultry Farming and the poultry industry

 In this article, we will get some basic information about poultry such as the history of poultry, the introduction of poultry, the beginning of poultry farming, and poultry industry, etc. 

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 Poultry history:

 There are more than 60 species of medium-sized chickens in recent times, each of which is primarily a breed of red jungle bird. The hen is probably the most domesticated bird, reared for its meat and eggs around the world.

Despite the close relationship of the hen with the red jungle bird, there is evidence that it also belongs to the Gallus, a species of gray wild bird and other wild birds of southern India.

 Introduction to Poultry:

There is some debate as to what the scientific name of the chicken should be. Although many technologists and pathologists consider it a domestic form of the red forest bird (wild foul), some consider it to be a species of the red forest bird.

 The shape and size of the chicken:

Chicken  size and shape

The hen is round in shape. They are less than 70 centimeters (27.6 inches) tall and weigh an average of 2.2 kilograms (5.7 pounds). Male chickens are called chickens and female chickens are known for their fleshy crowns and high arched tails. In some chickens, the tail can grow to more than 30 centimeters (12 inches) in length.

Poultry farming:

Eggs

Chickens are raised in the spring and summer months. However, artificial lights in chicken coops can trigger a year-round hen-laying reaction. The time between laying and ovulation is about 23-26 hours. Ovulation can occur about an hour after the last egg is laid, allowing some hens to lay up to 300 eggs a year.

The life cycle of chickens:

Fertile eggs develop rapidly, and the chicks hatch after about 21 days. Chicks are born covered, but they mature rapidly, becoming fully viable after four to five weeks. In about six months, males produce viable sperm, and females produce viable eggs. Free-roaming swarms can survive under best conditions for six to eight years, but most chickens used in the poultry industry lay eggs for two to three years before being slaughtered for their meat. Most of it is used in pets. Chickens are known to live up to 30 years in a controlled environment.

 Living of chickens:

Living of Chicken

Each flock of free chickens lives in a social classification that determines access to food, nesting sites, mates, and other resources. A group usually consists of a dominant adult male, a few subordinate males, and two or more females that are monitored by the dominant male. The social classification of chickens differs according to sex, with high social status targeting lower-class individuals with their beaks to ensure access to food and other resources. However, fights can also include fluttering with wings and scratching with claws.

 Beginning of Poultry Farming:

 The possibility of raising chickens has occurred more than once in the last 7400 years in Southeast Asia and possibly in India, and the first breeding may have been for religious reasons or for raising fighting birds. For at least the last 2,000 years, these domesticated breeds have spread all over the world in many waves. For most of that period, chickens were a common part of the completion of farms and farm livestock throughout Eurasia and Africa. Chickens were raised in every house. However, only in the early 20th century, poultry and eggs became a major commodity and people started commercial poultry farming.

Beginning of poultry farming

 Modern high-volume poultry farms began to be developed to control heat, light, and humidity, and gradually poultry became a complete industry.

Poultry industry:

The poultry industry has become one of the top industries in the world. It includes chicken eggs and chicken feathers and other products made from them.

Poultry Industry

Chicken is the No. 1 protein used in the United States. Americans eat the most chicken in the world. According to recent statistics, about 93 pounds of chicken is eaten per person in the United States annually. Americans also eat 95 million dozen eggs a year. About 18 percent of poultry meat is exported, making the United States the world's second-largest exporter. According to the US Poultry and Egg Association, The combined sales of broilers, eggs, turkeys, and chickens in 2018 were 46 to 46.3 billion.

Meat Industry of chicken

The National Chicken Council says 95 percent of the broiler chickens are raised by about 25,000 family farmers who have contracted with 30,000 companies.

 Poultry is raised in all 50 states, with Alabama and Arkansas leading the way in broiler production. Iowa tops egg production North Carolina and Minnesota are the top producers of turkey.

According to the 2010 India Industry Environmental Impact Estimates compiled by Iowa State University, the environmental impact of a dozen eggs has been reduced by 71% in the last 50 years.

The researchers credited the poultry industry for crop production, improved equipment, and production processes, genetic improvement, and increased nutrition.

 Discussion obtained:

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 Talib-Dua - Biya Kazmi.